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It is challenging to estimate the exact real time required for a dem simulation, as each simulation and each computer is different

One of the key numbers in dem simulation is the rayleigh time step which is the time taken for a shear wave to propagate through a solid particle. In this paper, the currently used dem framework is assessed and the limitations are revealed for simulations of wet particles with highly viscous liquid in terms of the time step required for stable simulations, i.e The time step decreases with increasing liquid viscosity. In this paper, a study on the calibration of the parameters for the description of interparticle forces in dem model is presented Two different models for the interparticle forces have been used:. When using a simulation with a range of particle sizes, the rayleigh time step is calculated based on the smallest particle size

This means that during a single time step, disturbances cannot propagate further than the immediate neighboring particles. The rayleigh time step is the time taken for a shear wave to propagate through a solid particle When using a simulation with a range of particle sizes, the rayleigh time step is calculated based on the smallest particle size. The ability to plan our work and estimate simulation run time is therefore a very important step in any dem simulation project, the altair script and knowledge library has an estimating simulation runtime spreadsheet and post to aid in edem simulation project planning. 12 developed a framework for selecting a stable time step for both linear and nonlinear interactions of spheres by analyzing the equations of motion as a nonlinear map. Generally, a time step is selected as a percentage of the rayleigh time step value

To select a time step

Select the appropriate time integration scheme Euler, position verlet, and velocity verlet.

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